{"id":2302,"date":"2024-07-28T10:55:24","date_gmt":"2024-07-28T07:25:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/?p=2302"},"modified":"2025-11-23T17:22:03","modified_gmt":"2025-11-23T13:52:03","slug":"pipe-pressure-size","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/blog\/pipe-pressure-size\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2302\" class=\"elementor elementor-2302\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c66f3e9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7c66f3e9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f09f324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f09f324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0628\u06cc (\u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"975\" height=\"532\" class=\"wp-image-2303\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-1.png 975w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-1-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-1-768x419.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u00ad \u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n<h2><strong>1-\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627: <\/strong>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0622\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639) \u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"975\" height=\"468\" class=\"wp-image-2304\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-2.png 975w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-2-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-2-768x369.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 (\u0622\u0628\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0646\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647) \u0648 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0622\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u00ad\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis: 100%;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis: 100%;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis: 100%;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis: 100%;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis: 100%;\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0636\u062f \u0632\u0646\u06af (<strong>Stainless Steel<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u06cc (<strong>Carbon Steel<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u062a\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062f (<strong>PVC<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0644\u0646 (<strong>PP<\/strong>) \u0648 \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646 (<strong>PE<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648 \u0622\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 &#8230;.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0645\u0627:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 (\u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2><strong>2-\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0646\u0635\u0628:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0646\u0635\u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/products\/metal-pipes\">\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647<\/a> \u0647\u0627 \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/products\/metal-connections\">\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/a> (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"975\" height=\"652\" class=\"wp-image-2305\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3.png 975w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3-768x514.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2><strong>3-\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628: <\/strong>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc (PE\u060c PVC\u060c \u0645\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648 &#8230;)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06a9\u062f\u0647\u0627: <\/strong>\u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f (ASME\u060c ASTM\u060c DIN) \u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/products\/metal-pipes\">\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f ASME B36.10M \u0648 B36.19M<\/li>\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/products\/Polymer-pipes-and-connection\">\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/a><\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f ASTM D1785 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc PVC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" class=\"wp-image-2316\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/plastic-pipeskoosenshutterstock_75L-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/plastic-pipeskoosenshutterstock_75L-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/plastic-pipeskoosenshutterstock_75L-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/plastic-pipeskoosenshutterstock_75L-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/plastic-pipeskoosenshutterstock_75L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2><strong>4-\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648 \u0636\u062e\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u06cc\u0646 1 \u062a\u0627 3 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 10 \u062a\u0627 20 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Pipe Flow Expert\u060c AFT Fathom \u0648 Caesar II \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0631\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n<h2><strong>5<\/strong><strong>-\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0628\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2><strong>6-\u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc: <\/strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0646\u0627\u06af\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062a\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2><strong>7-\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634: <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644: <\/strong>\u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0646\u0644:<\/strong> \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2><strong>8-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0628.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627: <\/strong>\u0627\u062e\u0630 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u06cc\u200c\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 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