{"id":81,"date":"2024-01-19T11:42:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T08:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/?p=81"},"modified":"2025-12-17T16:49:03","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T13:19:03","slug":"what-is-gate-valve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/blog\/valves\/what-is-gate-valve\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"81\" class=\"elementor elementor-81\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f6ef23 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2f6ef23\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b14450 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b14450\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u06af\u0627\u0632\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062f\u0633\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0613641 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0613641\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2842204 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2842204\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong><strong> (Gate Valve) <\/strong><strong>\u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-363fd5a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"363fd5a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bf7ee1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0bf7ee1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647<\/strong><strong> (Body):<\/strong><\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062c<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9<\/strong><strong> (Disc):<\/strong><\/span> \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0647<\/strong><strong> (Stem):<\/strong><\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u0641\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 (Actuator)<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u0633\u06cc\u062a<\/strong><strong> (Seat):<\/strong><\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u0622\u0628\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc (Liner)<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af27b32 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"af27b32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6ffb2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a6ffb2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/28-1024x683.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4998\" alt=\"\u0622\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/28-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/28-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/28-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/28.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b10032 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3b10032\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-403b9e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"403b9e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0\u06f1. \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0622\u0628\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0622\u0628 \u0622\u0634\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0622\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0\u06f2. \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0632\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0644\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u062a\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b6e794 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9b6e794\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba633bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ba633bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/27-1024x683.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4999\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/27-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/27-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/27-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/27.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8e94ee e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d8e94ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddb1c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ddb1c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u062f\u0646\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u062a\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u067e\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0644<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9<\/li>\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u200c\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec0392c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ec0392c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ca3f66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0ca3f66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/26-1024x683.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5000\" alt=\"\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/26-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/26-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/26-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/26.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7516fb2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7516fb2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cb14a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7cb14a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af<\/li>\n<li>\u0622\u0628\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b27bc58 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b27bc58\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8669f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f8669f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/29-1024x683.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5001\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/29-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/29-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/29-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/retopi.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/29.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf4cbea e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bf4cbea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e02100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e02100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0632<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92042a5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"92042a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1386bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1386bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>DIN<\/li>\n<li>ANSI<\/li>\n<li>API<\/li>\n<li>BS<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u0646\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0637 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd7ce79 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dd7ce79\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d093ef2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d093ef2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u06af\u0627\u0632<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37336c7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"37336c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-084b7fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"084b7fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0632<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0628\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u060c \u0686\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd3b076 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dd3b076\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4208e27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4208e27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0646\u0634\u062a\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0637<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69931ab e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"69931ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b46c0f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b46c0f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0628 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u06af\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u067e\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u067e\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aab6470 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"aab6470\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5005,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,2],"tags":[134,55,56,8,34,82],"class_list":["post-81","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-valves","tag-134","tag-55","tag-56","tag-8","tag-34","tag-82"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u067e\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 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